With golf being a form of outdoor recreation, the strong designer is an adept student of natural landscaping who understands the aesthetic cohesion of vegetation, water bodies, paths, grasses, stonework, and woodwork, among other elements. Ī successful design is as visually pleasing as it is playable. This is partly for the convenience of the players and the club, as then it is easier to play just a 9-hole round, if preferred, or stop at the clubhouse for a snack between the front 9 and the back 9. More recent courses (and especially inland courses) tend to be designed with the front 9 and the back 9 each constituting a separate loop beginning and ending at the clubhouse. Andrews), the holes may be laid out in one long loop, beginning and ending at the clubhouse, and thus the front 9 is referred to on the scorecard as "out" (heading out away from clubhouse) and the back 9 as "in" (heading back in toward the clubhouse). On older courses (especially links courses, like the Old Course at St. Eighteen-hole courses are traditionally broken down into a "front 9" (holes 1–9) and a "back 9" (holes 10–18). It is also common for separate tee-off points to be positioned for men, women, and amateurs, each one respectively lying closer to the green. In complex areas, two holes may share the same tee box, fairway, or even green. Combined with the need to package all the fairways within what is frequently a compact square or rectangular plot of land, the fairways of a course tend to form an oppositional tiling pattern. It is also preferable to arrange greens to be close to the tee box of the next playable hole, to minimize travel distance while playing a round, and to vary the mix of shorter and longer holes. The layout of a course follows certain traditional principles, such as the number of holes (nine and 18 being most common), their par values, and the number of holes of each par value per course. Bunkers and sand traps are always built in by architects unless the formation of such items are already in the course's natural terrain. This is increasingly the case as new courses are more likely to be sited on less optimal land. While golf courses often follow the original landscape, some modification is unavoidable. The field is partially represented by the American Society of Golf Course Architects, the European Institute of Golf Course Architects, and the Society of Australian Golf Course Architects, although many of the finest golf course architects in the world choose not to become members of any such group, as associations of architects are not government-sanctioned licensing bodies, but private groups.
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others are professional golfers of high standing and demonstrated appreciation for golf course composition, such as Jack Nicklaus.
Some golf course architects become celebrities in their own right, such as Robert Trent Jones, Jr. Although a specialty within landscape design or landscape architecture, golf course architecture is considered a separate field of study.
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